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Failsworth is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, in Greater Manchester, England. It is east-northeast of Manchester city centre and south-southwest of Oldham. Failsworth lies within the orbital M60 motorway, which skirts Failsworth's eastern boundary. Historically a part of Lancashire, until the 19th century Failsworth was a small agricultural township linked, ecclesiastically, with the parish of Manchester. Farming was the main industry of this rural area, with locals supplementing their incomes by hand-loom weaving in the domestic system. The introduction of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution facilitated a process of unplanned urbanisation in the area, giving rise to Failsworth as a mill town, marked architecturally by several large redbrick cotton mills. Failsworth's major landmark is the Failsworth Pole—a maypole which occupies the site of several former political poles. Daisy Nook is a country park at Failsworth's southern boundary with Droylsden. The village of Woodhouses is situated along Failsworth's eastern boundary. Notable residents of Failsworth have included the poet and writer Benjamin Brierley, who was born and raised by a weaving family. ==History== Failsworth derives from the Old English ''fegels'' and ''worth''; it probably means an "enclosure with a special kind of fence".〔 〕 Unmentioned in the ''Domesday Book'' of 1086, Failsworth does not appear in records until 1212, when the name was recorded as ''Fayleswrthe'' and the settlement was documented to have been a thegnage estate, or manor, comprising 4 oxgangs of land. 2 oxgangs with an annual rate of 4 shillings were payable by the tenant, Gilbert de Notton, to Adam de Prestwich who in turn paid tax to King John.〔〔 The remaining 2 oxgangs were held by the Lord of Manchester as part of his fee simple. The Byron family came to acquire all four oxgangs in the mid-13th century, and thus held the entire township. However, apart from a small estate in the township held by Cockersand Abbey, Failsworth was acquired by the Chetham family, which was then broadly sold to smaller holders.〔.〕 Little more than 300 years ago its population was over just 1,000. Farming was the main industry of the area with villagers supplementing their meagre incomes by hand-loom weaving until the advent of cotton and the Industrial Revolution. In 1745 ''Bonnie Prince Charlie'' stayed overnight at the Bull's Head public house.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Welcome to the award winning )〕 In 1914 the regular ''Daisy Nook Easter Fair'' ceased due to the outbreak of war, but reopened in 1920. On 8 June 2007 a 1946 work by L.S. Lowry entitled "Good Friday, Daisy Nook" depicting the Easter Fair was sold for £3,772,000, the then highest price paid for one of his paintings at auction. Another painting by Lowry from 1953 titled ‘Fun Fair at Daisy Nook’, sold for £3.4 million in 2011. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Failsworth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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